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Association of cannabis use with prodromal symptoms of psychosis in adolescence

Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, and Academy of Finland, Helsinki

Sari Törmänen, BMed

Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Graham K. Murray, MRCPsych and Peter B. Jones, FRCPsych

Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Pirjo Mäki, MD, PhD

Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital

Hanna Ebeling, MD, PhD and Irma Moilanen, MD, PhD

Clinic of Child Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital

Anja Taanila, PhD

Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, and Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu

Markus Heinimaa, MD

Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku

Matti Joukamaa, MD, PhD

Social Psychiatry Unit, Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, and Department of Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere

Juha Veijola, MD, PhD

Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, and Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland

Correspondence: Dr Jouko Miettunen, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland. Email: jouko.miettunen{at}oulu.fi

Declaration of interest

None.

Recent interest has focused on the association between cannabis use and risk of psychosis. In the largest unselected, population-based study on this topic to date, we examined cannabis use and prodromal symptoms of psychosis at age 15–16 years among 6330 adolescents. Those who had tried cannabis (n=352; 5.6% of the total sample) were more likely to present three or more prodromal symptoms even after controlling for confounders including previous behavioural symptoms (OR=2.23; 95% CI 1.70–2.94). A dose–response effect was seen. We conclude that cannabis use is associated with prodromal symptoms of psychosis in adolescence.