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The British Journal of Psychiatry (2004) 184: s102-S105
© 2004 The Royal College of Psychiatrists

Diet, diabetes and schizophrenia: review and hypothesis

Malcolm Peet, FRCPsych

Swallownest Court Hospital, Aughton Road, Sheffield S26 4TH, UK.

Correspondence: Tel: (0) 114 2872570; fax: (0) 114 2879147; e-mail: malcolmpeet{at}Yahoo.com

Declaration of interest M.P. has received research funding and sponsorship from Laxdale Ltd, and sponsorship and lecture fees from Eli Lilly & Co.

Background Diabetes is more common in people with schizophrenia than in the general population.

Aims To explore the possible reasons for the association between diabetes and schizophrenia.

Method Diet and other lifestyle factors in patients with schizophrenia were reviewed as risk factors for diabetes.

Results People with schizophrenia show features of the metabolic syndrome at the onset of illness, before treatment. They also eat a poor diet, take little exercise and have high rates of smoking. Food intake may be increased further by antipsychotic medication. Nutritional factors appear to have a key role in the development of diabetes in patients with schizophrenia and may also affect the outcome and severity of schizophrenia. A common pathway through which diet might contribute to the development of both diabetes and schizophrenia is proposed.

Conclusions Lifestyle factors may influence outcomes in both diabetes and schizophrenia. Lifestyle interventions are the key to improving the long-term health of people with schizophrenia.




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Introduction
The British Journal of Psychiatry, April 1, 2004; 184(47): s53 - s54.
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