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The British Journal of Psychiatry 151: 166-173 (1987)
© 1987 The Royal College of Psychiatrists
J Leff, NN Wig, A Ghosh, H Bedi, DK Menon, L Kuipers, A Korten, G Ernberg, R Day and N Sartorius
WHO Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office, Alexandria, Egypt.
We conducted a one-year follow-up of patients who had made a first contact with psychiatric services in Chandigarh, North India, and had been assigned a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The expressed emotion (EE) of the patients' relatives was assessed early on. We found the same associations between the individual components of EE and relapse of schizophrenia as in previous Anglo-American studies, but only the association between hostility and relapse was statistically significant. Applying the same criteria as in the Anglo-American studies for 'high EE', we found a significant relationship between high EE and relapse rates. We conclude that the significantly better outcome of Chandigarh first-contact patients compared with a London sample is largely due to the significantly lower proportion of high-EE relatives in the North Indian sample.
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