| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Psychiatric Bulletin | Advances in Psychiatric Treatment | All RCPsych Journals |
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
The British Journal of Psychiatry 150: 782-786 (1987)
© 1987 The Royal College of Psychiatrists
JL Cox, JM Holden and R Sagovsky
Department of Postgraduate Medicine, University of Keele, Stoke-on- Trent, Staffs.
The development of a 10-item self-report scale (EPDS) to screen for Postnatal Depression in the community is described. After extensive pilot interviews a validation study was carried out on 84 mothers using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for depressive illness obtained from Goldberg's Standardised Psychiatric Interview. The EPDS was found to have satisfactory sensitivity and specificity, and was also sensitive to change in the severity of depression over time. The scale can be completed in about 5 minutes and has a simple method of scoring. The use of the EPDS in the secondary prevention of Postnatal Depression is discussed.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. Daley, K. Jolly, and C. MacArthur The effectiveness of exercise in the management of post-natal depression: systematic review and meta-analysis Fam. Pract., January 6, 2009; (2009) cmn101v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. L. Parry, C. J. Meliska, D. L. Sorenson, A. M. Lopez, L. F. Martinez, S. Nowakowski, J. A. Elliott, R. L. Hauger, and D. F. Kripke Plasma Melatonin Circadian Rhythm Disturbances During Pregnancy and Postpartum in Depressed Women and Women With Personal or Family Histories of Depression Am J Psychiatry, December 1, 2008; 165(12): 1551 - 1558. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M Turner, D. Sharp, L. Folkes, and C. Chew-Graham Women's views and experiences of antidepressants as a treatment for postnatal depression: a qualitative study Fam. Pract., December 1, 2008; 25(6): 450 - 455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Sanjuan, R. Martin-Santos, L. Garcia-Esteve, J. M. Carot, R. Guillamat, A. Gutierrez-Zotes, I. Gornemann, F. Canellas, E. Baca-Garcia, M. Jover, et al. Mood changes after delivery: role of the serotonin transporter gene The British Journal of Psychiatry, November 1, 2008; 193(5): 383 - 388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J. B. McCoy, J. M. Beal, M. E. Payton, A. L. Stewart, A. M. DeMers, and G. H. Watson Postpartum Thyroid Measures and Depressive Symptomology: A Pilot Study J Am Osteopath Assoc, September 1, 2008; 108(9): 503 - 507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Horwitz, K. E. Hoagwood, A. Garner, M. Macknin, T. Phelps, S. Wexberg, C. Foley, J. C. Lock, J. E. Hazen, R. Sturner, et al. No Technological Innovation Is a Panacea: A Case Series in Quality Improvement for Primary Care Mental Health Services Clinical Pediatrics, September 1, 2008; 47(7): 685 - 692. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Hammarberg, J.R.W. Fisher, and K.H. Wynter Psychological and social aspects of pregnancy, childbirth and early parenting after assisted conception: a systematic review Hum. Reprod. Update, September 1, 2008; 14(5): 395 - 414. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Hiscock, J. K. Bayer, A. Hampton, O. C. Ukoumunne, and M. Wake Long-term Mother and Child Mental Health Effects of a Population-Based Infant Sleep Intervention: Cluster-Randomized, Controlled Trial Pediatrics, September 1, 2008; 122(3): e621 - e627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kabir, J. Sheeder, and L. S. Kelly Identifying Postpartum Depression: Are 3 Questions as Good as 10? Pediatrics, September 1, 2008; 122(3): e696 - e702. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Joinson, J. Heron, A. von Gontard, U. Butler, J. Golding, and A. Emond Early Childhood Risk Factors Associated with Daytime Wetting and Soiling in School-age Children J. Pediatr. Psychol., August 1, 2008; 33(7): 739 - 750. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Oates Postnatal affective disorders. Part 1: an introduction Obstet Gynaecol (Lond), July 1, 2008; 10(3): 145 - 150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. M. Bennett, A. Coco, J. C. Coyne, A. J. Mitchell, J. Nicholson, E. Johnson, M. Horst, and S. Ratcliffe Efficiency of a Two-Item Pre-Screen to Reduce the Burden of Depression Screening in Pregnancy and Postpartum: An IMPLICIT Network Study J Am Board Fam Med, July 1, 2008; 21(4): 317 - 325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Hammarberg, J.R.W. Fisher, and H.J. Rowe Women's experiences of childbirth and post-natal healthcare after assisted conception Hum. Reprod., July 1, 2008; 23(7): 1567 - 1573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Thananowan and S. M. Heidrich Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Thai Women Violence Against Women, May 1, 2008; 14(5): 509 - 527. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W. Rich-Edwards, A. P. Mohllajee, K. Kleinman, M. R. Hacker, J. Majzoub, R. J. Wright, and M. W. Gillman Elevated Midpregnancy Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Is Associated with Prenatal, But Not Postpartum, Maternal Depression J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2008; 93(5): 1946 - 1951. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Krantz, B. Eriksson, C. Lundquist-Persson, B. M. Ahlberg, and T. Nilstun Screening for postpartum depression with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS): An ethical analysis Scand J Public Health, March 1, 2008; 36(2): 211 - 216. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. E. Flores-Quijano, A. Cordova, V. Contreras-Ramirez, L. Farias-Hernandez, M. Cruz Tolentino, and E. Casanueva Risk for Postpartum Depression, Breastfeeding Practices, and Mammary Gland Permeability J Hum Lact, February 1, 2008; 24(1): 50 - 57. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. P. Gunderson, S. L. Rifas-Shiman, E. Oken, J. W. Rich-Edwards, K. P. Kleinman, E. M. Taveras, and M. W. Gillman Association of Fewer Hours of Sleep at 6 Months Postpartum with Substantial Weight Retention at 1 Year Postpartum Am. J. Epidemiol., January 15, 2008; 167(2): 178 - 187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. F. Schwarz and A. L. O'Sullivan State of the Art Reviews: Intervening to Improve Outcomes for Adolescent Mothers and Their Children American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, December 1, 2007; 1(6): 482 - 489. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Cantilino, J. A. Carvalho, A. Maia, C. Albuquerque, G. Cantilino, and E. Botelho Sougey Translation, Validation and Cultural Aspects of Postpartum Depression Screening Scale in Brazilian Portuguese Transcultural Psychiatry, December 1, 2007; 44(4): 672 - 684. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Hiscock, J. Bayer, L. Gold, A. Hampton, O. C Ukoumunne, and M. Wake Improving infant sleep and maternal mental health: a cluster randomised trial Arch. Dis. Child., November 1, 2007; 92(11): 952 - 958. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. B.A. van den Akker Psychological trait and state characteristics, social support and attitudes to the surrogate pregnancy and baby Hum. Reprod., August 1, 2007; 22(8): 2287 - 2295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. J. Kerruish, P. L. Campbell-Stokes, A. Gray, T. R. Merriman, S. P. Robertson, and B. J. Taylor Maternal Psychological Reaction to Newborn Genetic Screening for Type 1 Diabetes Pediatrics, August 1, 2007; 120(2): e324 - e335. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Evans, J. Heron, R. R. Patel, and N. Wiles Depressive symptoms during pregnancy and low birth weight at term: Longitudinal study The British Journal of Psychiatry, July 1, 2007; 191(1): 84 - 85. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Sheard, S. Cox, M. Oates, G. Ndukwe, and C. Glazebrook Impact of a multiple, IVF birth on post-partum mental health: a composite analysis Hum. Reprod., July 1, 2007; 22(7): 2058 - 2065. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Reeve, M. Lloyd-Williams, and C. Dowrick Depression in terminal illness: the need for primary care-specific research Fam. Pract., June 1, 2007; 24(3): 263 - 268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Sit, A. J. Rothschild, M. D. Creinin, B. H. Hanusa, and K. L. Wisner Psychiatric outcomes following medical and surgical abortion Hum. Reprod., March 1, 2007; 22(3): 878 - 884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Barlow, H. Davis, E. McIntosh, P. Jarrett, C. Mockford, and S. Stewart-Brown Role of home visiting in improving parenting and health in families at risk of abuse and neglect: results of a multicentre randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation Arch. Dis. Child., March 1, 2007; 92(3): 229 - 233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Sayal, J. Heron, J. Golding, and A. Emond Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Gender Differences in Childhood Mental Health Problems: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study Pediatrics, February 1, 2007; 119(2): e426 - e434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. H. H. G. Koh, P. N Butow, M. Coory, D. Budge, L.-A. Collie, J. Whitehall, and M. H Tattersall Provision of taped conversations with neonatologists to mothers of babies in intensive care: randomised controlled trial BMJ, January 6, 2007; 334(7583): 28 - 28. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. N. Jolley, S. Elmore, K. E. Barnard, and D. B. Carr Dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Postpartum Depression Biol Res Nurs, January 1, 2007; 8(3): 210 - 222. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. H. Chaudron, P. G. Szilagyi, A. T. Campbell, K. O. Mounts, and T. K. McInerny Legal and Ethical Considerations: Risks and Benefits of Postpartum Depression Screening at Well-Child Visits Pediatrics, January 1, 2007; 119(1): 123 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. L. Wisner, C. Chambers, and D. K. Y. Sit Postpartum Depression: A Major Public Health Problem JAMA, December 6, 2006; 296(21): 2616 - 2618. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. R. Gale, F. J. O'Callaghan, M. Bredow, C. N. Martyn, and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Childre The Influence of Head Growth in Fetal Life, Infancy, and Childhood on Intelligence at the Ages of 4 and 8 Years Pediatrics, October 1, 2006; 118(4): 1486 - 1492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. O. Adewuya Early Postpartum Mood as a Risk Factor for Postnatal Depression in Nigerian Women Am J Psychiatry, August 1, 2006; 163(8): 1435 - 1437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Murphy, S. Alexander, and P. Stone Investigation of diagnostic criteria for cancer-related fatigue syndrome in patients with advanced cancer: a feasibility study Palliative Medicine, June 1, 2006; 20(4): 413 - 418. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Stein, H. Woolley, R. Senior, L. Hertzmann, M. Lovel, J. Lee, S. Cooper, R. Wheatcroft, F. Challacombe, P. Patel, et al. Treating Disturbances in the Relationship Between Mothers With Bulimic Eating Disorders and Their Infants: A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Video Feedback Am J Psychiatry, May 1, 2006; 163(5): 899 - 906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I Akman, K Kuscu, N Ozdemir, Z Yurdakul, M Solakoglu, L Orhan, A Karabekiroglu, and E Ozek Mothers' postpartum psychological adjustment and infantile colic Arch. Dis. Child., May 1, 2006; 91(5): 417 - 419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. B. McCoy, J. M. Beal, S. B. M. Shipman, M. E. Payton, and G. H. Watson Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression: A Retrospective Investigation at 4-Weeks Postnatal and a Review of the Literature J Am Osteopath Assoc, April 1, 2006; 106(4): 193 - 198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C M Wright, K N Parkinson, and R F Drewett The influence of maternal socioeconomic and emotional factors on infant weight gain and weight faltering (failure to thrive): data from a prospective birth cohort Arch. Dis. Child., April 1, 2006; 91(4): 312 - 317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W Rich-Edwards, K. Kleinman, A. Abrams, B. L Harlow, T. J McLaughlin, H. Joffe, and M. W Gillman Sociodemographic predictors of antenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms among women in a medical group practice. J Epidemiol Community Health, March 1, 2006; 60(3): 221 - 227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. A. Carter, C. M. A. Frampton, and R. T. Mulder Cesarean section and postpartum depression: a review of the evidence examining the link. Psychosom Med, March 1, 2006; 68(2): 321 - 330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J. Davey, S. Dziurawiec, and A. O'Brien-Malone Men's Voices: Postnatal Depression From the Perspective of Male Partners Qual Health Res, February 1, 2006; 16(2): 206 - 220. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. TURTON, W. BADENHORST, P. HUGHES, J. WARD, S. RICHES, and S. WHITE Psychological impact of stillbirth on fathers in the subsequent pregnancy and puerperium The British Journal of Psychiatry, February 1, 2006; 188(2): 165 - 172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Pike, A. C. Iervolino, T. C. Eley, T. S. Price, and R. Plomin Environmental risk and young children's cognitive and behavioral development International Journal of Behavioral Development, January 1, 2006; 30(1): 55 - 66. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Jevitt, L. Zapata, M. Harrington, and E. Berry Screening for Perinatal Depression With Limited Psychiatric Resources Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, December 1, 2005; 11(6): 359 - 363. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. C. Hatton, J. Harrison-Hohner, S. Coste, V. Dorato, L. B. Curet, and D. A. McCarron Symptoms of Postpartum Depression and Breastfeeding J Hum Lact, November 1, 2005; 21(4): 444 - 449. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. T. Beck and R. K. Gable Screening Performance of the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale--Spanish Version J Transcult Nurs, October 1, 2005; 16(4): 331 - 338. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. K. Mallikarjun and F. Oyebode Prevention of postnatal depression Perspectives in Public Health, September 1, 2005; 125(5): 221 - 226. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. Carroll, A. J. Reid, A. Biringer, D. Midmer, R. H. Glazier, L. Wilson, J. A. Permaul, P. Pugh, B. Chalmers, F. Seddon, et al. Effectiveness of the Antenatal Psychosocial Health Assessment (ALPHA) form in detecting psychosocial concerns: a randomized controlled trial Can. Med. Assoc. J., August 2, 2005; 173(3): 253 - 259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Matthey Assessing for psychosocial morbidity in pregnant women Can. Med. Assoc. J., August 2, 2005; 173(3): 267 - 269. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Edhborg, M. Friberg, W. Lundh, and A.-M. Widstrom ``Struggling with life'': Narratives from women with signs of postpartum depression Scand J Public Health, August 1, 2005; 33(4): 261 - 267. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. K. Hood, S. Bennett Johnson, S. K. Carmichael, L. M.B. Laffel, J.-X. She, and D. A. Schatz Depressive Symptoms in Mothers of Infants Identified as Genetically at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes Care, August 1, 2005; 28(8): 1898 - 1903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Lumley Attempts to prevent postnatal depression BMJ, July 2, 2005; 331(7507): 5 - 6. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.-L. Dennis Psychosocial and psychological interventions for prevention of postnatal depression: systematic review BMJ, July 2, 2005; 331(7507): 15. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. J.M. Verkerk, J. Denollet, G. L. Van Heck, M. J.M. Van Son, and V. J.M. Pop Personality Factors as Determinants of Depression in Postpartum Women: A Prospective 1-Year Follow-up Study Psychosom Med, July 1, 2005; 67(4): 632 - 637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. A. Crowther, J. E. Hiller, J. R. Moss, A. J. McPhee, W. S. Jeffries, J. S. Robinson, and the Australian Carbohydrate Intolerance Study in P Effect of Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Pregnancy Outcomes N. Engl. J. Med., June 16, 2005; 352(24): 2477 - 2486. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. R Patel, D. J Murphy, T. J Peters, and for ALSPAC Operative delivery and postnatal depression: a cohort study BMJ, April 16, 2005; 330(7496): 879. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M Wiggins, A Oakley, I Roberts, H Turner, L Rajan, H Austerberry, R Mujica, M Mugford, and M Barker Postnatal support for mothers living in disadvantaged inner city areas: a randomised controlled trial J Epidemiol Community Health, April 1, 2005; 59(4): 288 - 295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Seehusen, L.-M. Baldwin, G. P. Runkle, and G. Clark Are Family Physicians Appropriately Screening for Postpartum Depression? J Am Board Fam Med, March 1, 2005; 18(2): 104 - 112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J D Carter, R T Mulder, A F Bartram, and B A Darlow Infants in a neonatal intensive care unit: parental response Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., March 1, 2005; 90(2): F109 - F113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
